Infertility

Infertility has become a major concern in India with approximately 22 to 33 million couples facing this problem. According to census reports, childlessness in India has risen by nearly 50 percent since 1981.

Risks Contributing to Infertility

There are a lot of factors including lifestyle changes that contribute to infertility. We have specified a couple of reasons that cause infertility in a man or a woman:

Age: Age is an important factor, as a woman’s fertility gradually reduces with age and this decline becomes more prominent by the time a woman reaches mid-thirties. Marriage at a later age and delay in pregnancy due to professional commitments among women is one of the reasons for infertility. By the time woman reaches 40, her chance of becoming pregnant reduces from 90 percent to 67 percent. Men over 40 may face fertility problems, as they are less fertile than younger men.

Alcohol and Tobacco: The chances of pregnancy decrease if alcohol and tobacco is used by either of the partners. Smoking can lead to erectile dysfunction and low sperm count in men while women who smoke can suffer from miscarriage. Women who consume alcohol may find it difficult to become pregnant while sperm count can reduce in men.

Weight Issues: Overweight and a sedentary lifestyle can also lead to infertility among men and women. A man’s testosterone and sperm count level can be affected while in a woman estrogen levels can increase. Underweight women with anorexia or eating disorders can also face fertility issues.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI): STI is also one of the reasons for increasing infertility in couples. Unprotected sex and not using condoms may increase the risk of sexually transmitted infections among both men and women.

Fertility Treatments

Advances in medical field have led to the discovery of various fertility treatments, which means a couple facing infertility issue can overcome and experience the blessing of holding their bundle of joy in their arms. Both man and woman contribute equally to the cause of infertility; hence it is vital to assess the couple rather than an individual for ascertaining the underlying cause.

Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI): This procedure is a kind of assisted conception, where the sperm is washed and processed and then inseminated into the uterine cavity, bypassing the cervix (mouth of uterus).

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): IVF involves harvesting eggs from the woman’s ovary and fertilizing it with the man’s sperm in the laboratory. It is kept in the incubator for 2-5 days and the best embryos are transferred into the uterus.

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): This treatment is also a part of IVF and is a treatment for men suffering from infertility. In this procedure a single sperm is injected directly into the egg. The fertilized embryo is then transferred into the woman’s uterus.

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